Randomization and allocation concealment
Randomization uses chance to allocate trial interventions and can reduce baseline confounding. Allocation concealment prevents enrollment decisions from being influenced by foreknowledge of assignments.
Open interactive lesson & self-check ↗Randomization and allocation concealment — learning map
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Sequence generation
A computer-generated randomized sequence can assign groups; blocked or stratified schemes require correct implementation and reporting.
Concealment
Allocation concealment prevents recruiters from predicting the next assignment. It differs from blinding after allocation.
Blinding
Masking participants, care teams or outcome assessors may limit some biases when feasible, but cannot repair all trial design flaws.
Analysis
Prespecified intention-to-treat approaches and transparent accounting for losses support interpretable results; exact estimand and strategy depend on protocol.
Reference and next reading
Explore the original curriculum and publisher-hosted resources for full-depth reading; this note is an original schematic introduction, not an exhaustive chapter.