MBBS · Pathology

Anemia classification

Anemia denotes hemoglobin below an appropriate reference threshold for age, sex, pregnancy status and other context. Classification begins with red-cell size and underlying mechanism.

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Anemia classification — learning map

Original conceptual SVG · scalable
LABELED RELATIONSHIP MAP · SCHEMATIC, NOT TO SCALEMCV frameworkmicrocytic / normocytic / macrocyticProduction versus lossreticulocyte responseIron and nutritionsubstrate limitationsHemolysis and chronic diseasemechanistic alternativesAnemia classificationKEY RELATIONSHIPS

Original schematic relationship map for this topic; relationships are organized for study, not intended as an anatomical depiction or a diagnostic algorithm.

Concept 01

MCV framework

Mean corpuscular volume groups anemia by average erythrocyte size; each group has multiple possible causes and mixed disorders can obscure the pattern.

Concept 02

Production versus loss

A reticulocyte response helps assess whether marrow production is appropriate relative to anemia; bleeding and hemolysis may provoke a rise when marrow function and substrates permit.

Concept 03

Iron and nutrition

Iron deficiency often causes microcytosis. Deficiency of vitamin B12 or folate can cause impaired DNA synthesis and macrocytic erythropoiesis.

Concept 04

Hemolysis and chronic disease

Premature red-cell destruction, inflammation, kidney disease and marrow disorders can cause anemia with differing laboratory patterns.

Education / safety note: Interpret CBC, smear, reticulocytes and biochemical tests together; the classification diagram is not an individual diagnosis.

Reference and next reading

Explore the original curriculum and publisher-hosted resources for full-depth reading; this note is an original schematic introduction, not an exhaustive chapter.

Official / publisher source: NMC official CBME Curriculum 2024 and current regulations index ↗Official / publisher source: NCBI Bookshelf ↗Official / publisher source: PubMed ↗