MBBS · Pathology

Acute inflammation

Acute inflammation is a rapid tissue response to injury or infection involving vascular changes, soluble mediators and recruitment of innate immune cells.

Open interactive lesson & self-check ↗

Acute inflammation and leukocyte recruitment

Original conceptual SVG · scalable
RBCRBCWBCRBCTissue · leukocyte migrationBLOOD VESSELTransmigrationVasodilation + permeabilityRolling → adhesion → transmigration → tissue response

Simplified vascular inflammatory response; mediator families and tissue context are not exhaustively drawn.

Concept 01

Initiation

Resident cells recognize injury or pathogens and release mediators. Local arteriolar vasodilation and increased microvascular permeability can produce redness, warmth and swelling.

Concept 02

Cellular recruitment

Leukocytes undergo margination, rolling, adhesion and transmigration. Neutrophils commonly predominate early in many acute bacterial inflammatory responses.

Concept 03

Possible outcomes

The stimulus may be cleared with resolution and repair; persistent injury can lead to abscess formation, tissue damage or chronic inflammation.

Education / safety note: Inflammation is protective but may itself injure tissue; the diagram does not establish an infectious diagnosis from redness alone.

Reference and next reading

Explore the original curriculum and publisher-hosted resources for full-depth reading; this note is an original schematic introduction, not an exhaustive chapter.

Official / publisher source: NMC official CBME Curriculum 2024 and current regulations index ↗Official / publisher source: NCBI Bookshelf ↗Official / publisher source: PubMed ↗