MBBS · Human Anatomy

Upper limb

The upper limb combines the shoulder girdle, arm, forearm and hand. Bones, muscles, peripheral nerves and vascular supply work together for positioning and precise grasp.

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Upper limb — learning map

Original conceptual SVG · scalable
LABELED RELATIONSHIP MAP · SCHEMATIC, NOT TO SCALEOsteologyshoulder to fingersJoint movementstability and rangeNerve supplybrachial plexusBlood supplyarterial continuityUpper limbKEY RELATIONSHIPS

Original schematic relationship map for this topic; relationships are organized for study, not intended as an anatomical depiction or a diagnostic algorithm.

Concept 01

Osteology

Clavicle and scapula connect the upper limb to the axial skeleton; humerus forms the arm, radius and ulna the forearm, and carpals, metacarpals and phalanges the hand.

Concept 02

Joint movement

The glenohumeral joint allows wide mobility. Elbow flexion and extension and radioulnar rotation position the hand, while wrist and finger joints provide precision.

Concept 03

Nerve supply

Roots C5–T1 contribute to the brachial plexus, which gives rise to major terminal nerves such as median, ulnar, radial, musculocutaneous and axillary nerves.

Concept 04

Blood supply

Subclavian continues as axillary, then brachial artery; brachial branches into radial and ulnar arteries, contributing to hand arterial arches.

Education / safety note: Clinically, a muscle weakness pattern alone does not prove the site of a nerve lesion; examine sensory and reflex findings and the full limb.

Reference and next reading

Explore the original curriculum and publisher-hosted resources for full-depth reading; this note is an original schematic introduction, not an exhaustive chapter.

Official / publisher source: NMC official CBME Curriculum 2024 and current regulations index ↗Official / publisher source: NCBI Bookshelf ↗Official / publisher source: PubMed ↗