Clinical history and examination
A clinical assessment integrates a clear history, focused examination, vital signs and prior records. Differential diagnoses are working hypotheses, not interchangeable with confirmed disease.
Open interactive lesson & self-check ↗Clinical history and examination — learning map
Original conceptual SVG · scalableOriginal schematic relationship map for this topic; relationships are organized for study, not intended as an anatomical depiction or a diagnostic algorithm.
Presenting concern
Ask the patient to describe symptoms in their own words; clarify onset, course, associated features, relevant exposures and effects on daily life.
Relevant background
Review previous illness, procedures, medication including nonprescription drugs, allergies, family history and social circumstances that may change interpretation.
Examination
Assess general appearance and vital signs, then select system-specific inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation as appropriate.
Synthesis and safety
Form a prioritized differential, recognize warning features, choose investigations according to the clinical question and ensure appropriate review or escalation.
Reference and next reading
Explore the original curriculum and publisher-hosted resources for full-depth reading; this note is an original schematic introduction, not an exhaustive chapter.